The part of the ginger plant that is used is the root, which is botanically the rhizome. Interestingly, they also noted that the different constituents of ginger might have opposing actions on the reactivity of blood vessels. Ginger zingiber officinale plant profiler sigmaaldrich. Bioactive compounds and bioactivities of ginger zingiber officinale roscoe. The anthraquinones and chro mones are responsible for the anticancer activity, anti. Recent years have seen an increased enthusiasm in treating various diseases with natural products. Keeping the inlet and outlet valves closed, the heating system was turned on, and when. Ginger and its healing properties ministry of health. Ginger, a source of valuable phytonutrients, is characterized as having an aromatic odor and a pungent taste1.
Review article active ingredients of ginger as potential candidates in. Ginger zingiber officinale is a plant used in traditional medicine against different diseases because of its various properties antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anticoagulant, etc. Result and discussion proximate composition of the powdered ginger root sample is shown in table i. Over the last three decades, extensive studies have been conducted to understand the detailed chemical composition and biological activities of. Ginger oil is produced from ginger rhizome by using soxhlet. Ginger constituents are 80% moisture, 2% protein, 2% fiber, 1% mineral, 0. Antioxidant activity of ginger extract and identification of. It is rich in various chemical constituents, including phenolic compounds. Ginger root shogaols and gingerols medicinal effects. Five constituents including one new pentacyclic triterpenoid guajanoic acid 1 and four known compounds. Antioxidant activity of ginger extract and identification of its active components silvia mosovska a, dominika novakova, michal kalinakb adepartment of nutrition and food assessment, faculty of chemical and food technology, radlinskeho 9, 812 37 bratislava, slovakia.
The various chemical components identified in the essential oils of officinale are zingiber shown in table 2, oxygenated monoterpenes were the dominant constituents in the z. Medicinal properties of ginger zingiber officinale rosc. Effect of aqueous extract of ginger zingiber officinale on. Chemical composition and antioxidant properties of ginger root zingiber officinale shirin adel p. Ginger zingiber officinale is a nontoxic highly promising natural antioxidant.
The chemical components of the ginger rhizome can vary considerably, depending on the location of cultivation and whether the product is fresh, dried, or processed. Faculty of engineering, universitas syiah kuala, darussalam banda aceh 23111, indonesia 2. The oil is extracted by means of steam distillation from the unpeeled or dried, groundup root rhizome of the plant, and can yield about 2 4 % oil. Pdf ginger zingiber officinale which belongs to the zingiberaceae family, was first. Zingiber officinale, commonly known as ginger, is a species native of tropical asia. Ginger alleviated the nausea in a highly significant percentage of the women. It is grown and used in tropical countries of america, including mexico, where it is used for the treatment of throat infections. Pdf chemical composition and active properties evaluation of. Ginger and its constituents ginger zingiber officinale, a member of the zingiberaceae family, is a popular spice used globally especially in most of the asian countries 9. Evaluation of phytochemical constituents in various heat. Application of chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. The fresh rhizomes zingiber officinale were procured from local market.
Tanira a, abderrahim nemmar c a department of pharmacology and clinical pharmacy, college of medicine and health sciences, sultan qaboos university, p. Sources, cultivation and uses your article library. The chemical composition of the ginger oils obtained by hydrodistillation of fresh and dried rhizomes of nigerian origin were investigated by means of a combination of column chromatography, high resolution gas chromatography gc and gc. The food chemical codex standards for ginger oil are the following. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of fresh rhizome. Extraction and characterization of essential oil ginger from. Ginger has a long history of use as an antiinflammatory and many of its constituents have been identified as having antiinflammatory properties. Bioactive compounds and bioactivities of ginger zingiber officinale. Chemical composition and bioactive compounds of garlic. For example, an atropineresistant and lnamesensitive vasodilator activity was also noted for the ginger phenolic constituents 6, 8, and 10gingerol, while 6shogaol showed a mild vasodilator effect. Ginger s chemical composition the mixture of zingerone, shogaols and gingerols is behind the special smell and flavor that distinguish ginger. Chemical composition of ginger pdf the key factor would be to isolate the beds from the soil, either by using beds on benches or a layer of polythene film over the greenhouse floor.
Ginger derived its name from the genus zingiber officinale and the family zingiberaceae. Solvent extraction of ginger oleoresin using ultrasound muhammad dani supardan1, anwar fuadi2, pocut nurul alam1, and normalina arpi3 1. When administered to rats 3mgkg, intravenously, ginger constituents are rapidly eliminated from the blood t 12 7. Ginger extract provides nutritional support for the gastrointestinal and cardiovascular systems. Fresh ginger slices were successfully dried from initial moisture content of 70% to 18 %. Accepted october, 2010 the chemical composition and antioxidant activity in aqueous and solvent extracts of. Comparison of essential oil composition of three ginger cultivars from sub himalayan region the chemical composition of these gingers not yet studied so far. Active ingredients of ginger as potential candidates in the prevention. Pdf physical properties of ginger zingiber officinale. Chemical composition and antioxidant properties of ginger. Abstract the hydrodistilled essential oil of ginger zingiber officinale roscoe rhizomes of commerce from three different geograhical locations in india, viz. Feb 21, 20 there are several recent scientific investigations aimed at the isolation and identification of active constituents of ginger and the scientific verification of its pharmacological actions and those of its constituents. Another factor is that 3% of ginger s chemicals are made up from oil that is composed of 200 chemical substances such as. The extraction of the essential oil present in fresh ginger sample was done in a distillation apparatus.
Pdf the compounds in ginger zingiber officinaleroscoe essential oil provenience china and wild oregano origanum vulgare essential. A study on chemical composition of ginger in india described 15. Effect of oven drying on proximate composition of ginger. The present study demonstrates that ginger showed broad spectrum action in which antiinflammatory action is one of them. Numerous active ingredients are present in ginger including terpenes and oleoresin which called. In this work ginger oleoresin was obtained with ethanol, isopropanol and liquid carbon dioxide. Review article active ingredients of ginger as potential. It adds a strong, pungent flavour to dishes as a consequence of a number of chemical compounds it contains. Ginger zingiber officinale roscoe is a common and widely used spice. Chemical composition and skin protective effects of.
The present work describes evaluation of phytochemicals constituents of ginger during various heat treatments. It is formed in the plant from phenylalanine, malonate, and hexonate. Ginger zingiber officinale roscoe belongs to the zingiberacea family. Many bioactive compounds in ginger have been identified, such as. Active ingredients of ginger as potential candidates in the. Medicinal uses of ginger zingiber officinale roscoe improves growth and enhances immunity in aquaculture shubha ratna shakya abstract the medicinal plants are of great use in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, agricultural and food industry. Dried ginger pieces were ground in grinder to make find powder. The results indicated that ginger rhizome is an excellent natural remedy for a wide range of ailments. Chemical composition of zingiber officinale filetype pdf so, this study was designed to evaluate the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of ginger zingiber officinale and cumin cuminum cyminum. Some phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological.
Like ondansetron, galanolactone seems to act on 5ht3 receptors in the ileum to illicit an antiemetic effect1. However, overall, ge and the four pure constituents examinedwidely available owing to the popularity of the ginger plantexhibited dosedependent antioxidant activities, thus demonstrating their potential application as natural antioxidants in fatcontaining processed food products. Microbial and physicochemical characteristics of locally. Garlic contains at least 33 sulfur compounds like aliin, allicin, ajoene, allylpropl, diallyl, trisulfide, sallylcysteine, vinyldithiines, s. Active ingredients of ginger as potential candidates in.
The study elucidates the chemical composition of zingiber officinale rhizomes cultivated. Albaddy department of animal resources, college of agriculture, university of tikrit, tikrit, iraq. A trial of taking ginger and protein after chemotherapy demonstrated that patients were able to lessen their intake of antiemetic medications. The chemistry of ginger is well documented with the respect to the oleoresin and volatile oil. Chemical composition and mineral contents of zingiber. Exact mechanism of action of ginger in nausea and vomiting is not clear but it is thought that such type of effect due to constituents present in ginger including gingerols, shogaols, and galanolactone and diterpenoid of ginger 79,80. Nutrient and antinutrient constituents of ginger zingiber officinale, roscoe. The pungency of ginger is due to gingerol, an oily liquid consisting of homologous phenols. List of references supporting the assessment of zingiber officinale. Chemical constituents from the leaves of psidium guajava. Chemical constituents and their bioactivities of tongling white. Traditional uses, chemical constituents, antiplatelet, anti inflammatory, cardiovascular and antioxidant properties of ginger. The main quality feature of garlic products is the distinct flavor of cloves, as the result of complex biochemical reactions randle and lancaster, 2002.
Ginger ginger rhizome is the root of the zingiber officinale plant, which can be utilized as a medication or as pleasant condiments. Figure 1 the active components of aloe include anthraquinones, chromones, polysaccharides, and enzymes. Ginger and its constituents in the prevention of diseases. Ginger oleoresin was extracted from ginger rhizomes zingiber officinale using acetone. Chemical of structure of active ingredients of ginger. Chemical composition and physical properties of oil from. Ginger oil is an essential oil that has several applications in various industries. The seed rhizome looks similar to the mature ginger you find in the grocery store however unlike the supermarket ginger, this seed ginger is certified diseasefree and certified organic. Physicochemical, antioxidant and sensory attributes of ginger zingiber officinale enriched jaggery of different sugarcane varieties abstract zingiber officinale enriched jaggery of three sugarcane varieties co 86032, co 419 and co 62175 at 0. Ginger root has been approved by german commission e an official government agency similar to the fda for indigestion and to help prevent motion sickness. Ginger and turmeric plants have several similar characteristics both possess pale green flowers and are surrounded by long lanceolate leaves. The volatile oil components of ginger are responsible for its nutritional activity. Ginger is suspected to reduce nausea and vomiting by increasing gastrointestinal motility and transport via the 6gingerol constituent1.
Antioxidant activity of ginger extract and identification. Microbial and physicochemical characteristics of locally produced pineapple juice treated with garlic and ginger were investigated. There is a growing demand on lowcost methods for extraction of essential oil. Files available from the acs website may be downloaded for personal use only. Pdf a comparative study on chemical composition and. Investigations have shown gingerol and shogoals to be mutagenic. Volatile oils, also known as ginger essential oils, are generally composed of terpenoids 14. Data on maturity studies showed that the volatile oil, acetone extract and crude fibre content in ginger varieties increased steadily from september to december. Results obtained from the analysis of twenty six varieties of ginger showed that volatile oil, acetone extract, crude fibre and starch content varied from 1 to 2. Zingiber officinale is the botanical name of ginger. The sensory quality of the developed powders in respect of colour, appearance, flavour and texture was judged by panelists using 9point hedonic scale lawless and klein 1999. It is a herbaceous perennial which grows annual pseudostems false stems made of the rolled bases of leaves about one meter tall bearing narrow leaf blades. Ginger contains 1 to 2% volatile oil, 5 to 8% pungent principle, resinous mass and starch. Nutritional composition of ginger powder prepared using.
Jul 12, 2014 ginger and its constituents show a significant effect on nausea and vomiting. Some evidence suggests that constituents of ginger have central antiemetic activity1. The efficacy of some herbal products is beyond doubt, the most recent examples being silybum marianum linn. The 500ml round bottom flask of the distillation apparatus was filled with about 200ml water, then 30grams of the grinded fresh ginger was added into the flask. Ginger is a rhizome that grows underground from a seed piece sometimes called the mother. Pdf ginger is a plant recently gaining attention in the food and pharmaceutical industries because of its spice and medicinal importance. Ginger helps to stimulate digestive enzymes and increases the. Hawaii, 6gingerol, the pungent constituent of ginger, increased over time in rhizomes of.
The components in ginger that are responsible for the antiemetic effect are thought to be the gingerols, shogaols, and galanolactone, a diterpenoid of ginger. It can be produced in many countries but it does best in moist, tropical conditions. It is concluded that, ginger has potential to treat numerous disorders including cancer due to its antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties. Determination of antimicrobial activity and chemical.
The secondary metabolites of ginger have been studied by many authors 711. Politeknik negeri lhokseumawe, lhokseumawe 24301, indonesia 3. Volatile oil is responsible for the aromatic smell and consists of zingiberene 6% sesquiterpenes hydrocarbon zingiberol a sesquiterpenes alcohol and besaabolene. Gingerol, properly as 6gingerol, is a chemical compound found in fresh ginger. The pungency of the ginger is due to gingerols and shogoals. However, it is not known whether ginger antioxidant constituents are bioavailable in humans. The juice obtained after filtration was treated with different quantities of garlic and ginger. It is botanically correct to refer to ginger as a rhizome rather than a root. Effect of aqueous extract of ginger zingiber officinale on blood biochemistry parameters of broiler jamel m. Chemical composition and antioxidant properties of ginger root zingiber officinale article pdf available in journal of medicinal plant research 424. The antibacterial effect of ginger and garlic extracts on. Tanira a, abderrahim nemmar c a department of pharmacology and clinical pharmacy, college of medicine and health sciences, sultan qaboos university. Chemical composition and in vitro antifungal activity of. Antimicrobial property and phytochemical study of ginger found in.
The fresh ginger sample was grinded into mash using a manual blender. Mar 22, 20 the antiemetic action of ginger root is attributed to its constituents, gingerol and and shogaol their interactions with 5ht3 receptors. Ginger zingiber officinale is a flowering plant whose rhizome, ginger root or ginger, is widely used as a spice and a folk medicine. The results show that 6gingerol is the most abundant active constituent and has various pharmacological and. Ash contents of zingiber officinale and alpinia allughas rhizomes in our study were much lower than those 3. Antioxidant activities of ginger extract and its constituents. Zingiberol, zingiberene, phellandrene and linalool are important constituents of the oil.
The ginger rhizome has the following chemical composition. Flow chart for dried, preserved ginger and essential ginger oil production 20. All oleoresin samples had monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. This study aimed to determine the chemical composition and skin protective effects of essential oil from ginger zingiber officinale roscoe, a traditional chinese medicine, spice, and food. Ginger oleoresin chemical composition, bioactivity and. Chemical constituents and their bioactivities of tongling white ginger zingiber officinale. Some phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological properties of ginger zingiber o. Zingiber officinale, spice, rhizome, phytochemistry, proximate analysis, zingiberaceae, zingerone, methanolic extraction journal of pharmaceutical and allied sciences, vol. Ginger is a spice that can be commonly found in supermarkets and in the kitchen, either as the fresh root, or in dried, powdered form. Research progress on chemical constituents of zingiber officinale.
What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page. Gingers chemical composition ginger history benefits. A comparative study on chemical composition and antioxidant activity of ginger zingiber officinale and cumin cuminum cyminum. Essential oil was extracted from ginger by hydrodistillation. Cell culture studies show that ginger has antioxidant properties. Chemical composition of ginger varieties and dehydration. Different constituents of ginger has been established its role in medicine to treat various ailments from time immemorial in different parts of the world 6. Pdf gastrointestinal gi cancer, a cancer of different organs of the digestive system, is one of the most common cancers around the world. Ginger and its constituents shows role in diseases prevention.
The elemental composition of ginger rhizomes grown in ecological plantations is more. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition of essential oil of z. Characterization of phenolic compounds from normal ginger. Chemical composition of ginger essential oil the chemical composition of ginger essential oil with yield equal to 0. Ginger and its constituents show a significant effect on nausea and vomiting. Journal of agricultural and tropical botany applied. Effect of aqueous extract of ginger zingiber officinale. In addition to ginger, there are other important followers to this plant family. Physicochemical, antioxidant and sensory attributes of. Comparison of ginger zingiber officiale roscoe oleoresin. Review some phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological properties of ginger zingiber o. Ginger is utilized widely as a spice, for pickles, candies and as a medicinal herb.
Chemical analysis of ginger shows that it contains over 400 different compounds. The name ginger is said to be derived from the gingi district in india, where tea made from ginger is used for stomach upsets. Antimicrobial activity of essential oil of zingiber. Antifungal activity and chemical composition of essential. Pdf chemical composition and antioxidant properties of. Pineapple juice was produced by homogenizing the pulp portion of the pineapple fruit in a sterile blender. Mizoram, chennai and two varieties from sikkim were analyzed by gc and gcms.
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